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LEUCHARS 'AEROS' Flight Lieutenant KEVEN MACE (XI Lightning Squadron
1967-69)
"Lightning
Mission One-One, two minutes to overhead" . . . the ground controller's
voice crackles in the earphones. We are ten miles from the airfield,
cruising at a leisurely five miles per minute, running in for a solo
aerobatic display at Leuchars, the No. 1 Fighter Airfield in the U.K.
Let's think back to how we came to be here."How do you feel about
doing aerobatics this year?" It usually starts like that-a casual
question from the Boss. The immediate reaction is one of pleasure-and
then doubt as to whether you can produce the required standard. Still,
the pleasure far outweighs the doubt, so you decide that yes, you
would like to perform. From that moment on you are on your own. Where
do you start? After some research into the problem, you find there
are a lot of things to think about. The Lightning is a heavy, fast
aeroplane-it weighs about the same as two double-decker buses and
can travel at 700 mph at sea-level or 1500 mph when six miles high.
It cannot fly very slowly; minimum speed when landing is about 200
mph, so we are going to have to fly the aeroplane fast during our
display. The faster we go, the more space we are likely to take up
but
we want to keep near to the crowd during the display, so how do we
cope with that? Fuel is going to be a problem-we are going to use
it at the rate of 100 gallons a minute, and so we will need to keep
a close eye on it and plan our time accordingly. When we have sorted out the problems of fuel, speed,
etc., we now have to work out a series of manoeuvres which will fit
into our area and will keep us as close to our spectators as possible.
What sort of manoeuvres can we use? Will they fit together so that
the speed at the end of one is right for the next one? We know we
cannot afford to wait to get the speed right because every 10 seconds
we wait takes us a mile further away from the people watching us.
These, and many other problems need to be sorted out, but in the end
we have what looks (on paper) to be a workable show.
We must next tell the Squadron Commander what we intend
to do, and after suitable suggestions for improvements we can go off
and try it in the air. First we remain above 7,000 feet, but gradually
we are allowed to come lower until finally we arrive at our display
height of 500 feet above the ground. Practice follows practice, polishing
the rough edges until our display is acceptable to the connoisseurs-our
fellow pilots.
After
months of practising, the moment of truth comes: the Battle of Britain
display. We've been as far away as Wales, the north of Scotland, and
even inside the Arctic Circle to demonstrate this superb aeroplane,
but the major show is always the Battle of Britain Commemoration and
we will need to put everything we've got into it. About half an hour before take?off we walk out to
the aircraft. Butterflies in the stomach feeling-as usual! Wonder
if it shows? Take a quick glance at the sky to check the amount of
cloud and its height, the wind direction and the visibility. Looks
OK
we'll try for the full show. Check around the aircraft, climb
up the ladder, strap in tightly so we don't bang our head on the canopy
when we are upside-down. Start the Rolls Royce Avon engines, check
all twenty-two warning lights are out, call up Air Traffic Control
"Lightning
One-One Taxi."
We get the clearance and line up on the runway. Open
the twin throttles and start the take-off run. Engine temperatures
and revs. OK. Push the throttle levers forward through the gate and
light the reheats. An extra burst of power surges us forward. In 20
seconds we have reached 170 knots and the aircraft lifts smoothly
into the air. By the end of the runway we have 280 knots (about 320
mph) and we pull into a steep turn away from the airfield, heading
for our holding point on the coast 20 miles to the north-east. We
try a quick roll, then hold the aircraft upside-down for a few seconds
to check she's flying OK-all seems to be ship-shape, and the time
has come to commence our run in. We cross Dundee, heading out to the
west of the airfield, bank left to line up with the runway, and head
straight in, descending in a shallow dive. We cross the airfield boundary
low and fast-400 knots and 250 feet. The front of the Eleven Squadron
hangar flashes past and we open up to full dry power, then light the
reheats. Twin warning-lights flicker-and then go out-showing us we
have two good 'burners'.
Two seconds later we have 450 knots and we pull the aircraft up into
a vertical climb, sagging under maximum g. Stop pulling the control
column, look sideways to confirm we are vertical, then slam the stick
sideways to roll through 180o. Pull on to our back-still with maximum
g's. The altimeter shows 6,000 feet-one mile high. Looks OK. Continue
to pull and the ground reappears through the top of the cockpit canopy.
We are lined up with the runway, so keep pulling back. The ground rushes
up to meet us. But gradually our dive stops and we are back at 500 feet
above the runway. Relax the pull. No time to reflect on the last manoeuvre;
we're covering the ground too fast for that! Start
to roll left on our slow roll. Kick top rudder to stop the nose dropping
below the horizon, keep rolling and we are upside down, hanging in
our straps as we push less than weightless to hold level. Continue
rolling, the horizon coming back the right way up, feeding in left
rudder, and now ten seconds later the roll is complete and we have
travelled over a mile to the other side of the airfield. We roll quickly on to our left side and light the
burners again, snatching into a 6g turn. Turn through 90o then roll
the wings level and pull the nose up steeply for a wing-over to the
right. The nose slides round the horizon, and we crane our head back
to look for the airfield. Speed is now low-250 knots, and we dive
in a steep turn towards the end of the runway. Check speed increasing-the
crowd is down to the left about half a mile away. Speed 350 knots
and rising so pull up to the vertical again for a half-horizontal
eight, roll and pull through. Height is 4,500 feet this time-just
right. Back down, the g-force making us weigh about four times as
heavy. Closer to the enclosure than the first time, keep the g's on
to level out and we are back at 500 feet. The crowd goes by in a blur,
the speed slides up to 380 knots, and we thrust the stick to the left
and light the burners.
Now we pull the aircraft into a maximum 6g flat turn
to the left. Guardbridge and the chimneys flash by under our left
wing. The g is now beginning to have an effect-notice we are breathing
heavily and feel a trickle of sweat inside the 'bone dome'. The St
Andrews road appears directly underneath, showing us we are turning
as tightly as possible. Keep the g's on-anti-g suit pressing at our
legs and stomach to stop the blood draining away from the head. Don't
relax.The runway is coming back into view and we look out of the top
of the canopy. Feels odd, but we are flying on our side so it makes
sense. The hangars reappear, then the spectators' enclosure. Keep
pulling away from the crowd, then reverse with a 'Derry' turn, rolling
underneath as we do so, then pull the aircraft round again toward
the runway behind us. Keep it low to illustrate the aircraft's speed,
cattle and trees blur underneath as we hold 380 knots. Hold the bank
hard on or we will fly too wide.
Runway beneath us again, roll off the bank fast and
pull 6g as we go into a loop. The burners are probably deafening,
but in here the only noise is our laboured breathing over the intercom
as we pant within the oxygen mask. Climb past the vertical and pull
on to our back. Height 4,500 feet, speed dropping off to 250 knots,
watch the horizon slide below the nose and keep pulling towards the
ground. The aircraft buffets and shakes-we have the maximum lift and
air is breaking away from the wings. Our dive looks straight, pointing
vertically at the ground just to the right of the spectators. Pull
hard out at the bottom, keep the reheats at maximum.
The
crowd area is behind us, so roll hard right and turn over the estuary.
Roll level and pull the nose up for a wing-over to the left: St Andrews
disappears underneath the nose. Roll over left and Tentsmuir Forest
appears. Dive down, throttling the engines back to keep our speed
down. Bank over the runway, 500 feet, looks about right so roll upside
down for an inverted run. Push forward on the control column to hold
level. Think how odd the runway looks out of the top of the canopy.
Speed 370 knots and the end of the runway approaching. Push the power up to 100% on both engines. End of
runway disappears, so we roll the right way up. Light the reheats
and pull into a vertical climb; roll again, the countryside revolves
in a blur. Pull on to our back and down again towards the airfield.
We keep full power on-the final run is coming up but we must not relax.
Twenty seconds to go to the end, pushing the aircraft down to show
off the speed. The marker on the airspeed indicator slides relentlessly
upwards
500-550-600 knots. We are travelling at 700 mph, or 95%
of the speed of sound. Could go faster but not allowed. The whole
airfield becomes a blur and we pull up into our finale, the vertical
climb. The altimeter shows our height is increasing at a phenomenal
rate
10,000, 20,000, 30,000 feet in 40 seconds, and we level
out, safely out of view of the ground.
Relax at last. We notice how out of breath we are.
Check the fuel-just enough left to get us down on the ground, so no
problem. Roll over and start a dive back for the airfield. Bank lazily
into the circuit and lower the flaps and undercarriage. Over the hedge
now and let the aircraft sink on to the runway. Stream the brake parachute
at 150 knots and it slows us to a walking pace. Leave the runway and
taxi slowly back.
We stop the engines, wave to the wife and look forward to a much-needed cigarette. Feels funny-only six minutes ago we were over Dundee starting our run in, and yet it feels like a lifetime. |